Three Little Pigs - Story Strips
还是关于阅读的教学问题。
很多老师都觉得教授课本中的阅读部分最难。很多学校在提培训要求的时候，都会有一条“如何教授阅读”。
我在不同的教材培训中针对学校老师的要求，分别讲述过一些阅读的教授和练习方法。
希望可以和老师分享一些阅读教学的感受。
老师之所以觉得阅读难教，往往是因为，老师看到一篇阅读的时候，不能够很好地把握教学目标。
这是老师的通病，看到阅读文章，就看到了无数的教学点，因而设定了过多的教学目标：希望学生掌握所有的生词；希望学生掌握其中的语法点；希望学生学会使用好的句型结构；希望学生快速阅读，读懂大意；希望学生能够回答老师就文章提出的所有的细节问题；希望学生优美地朗读；希望学生能写出如此严谨的文章......等等等等
想把所有的这些在一段阅读文章中讲授出来，当然会很难教，学生也会不堪重负。这样反而哪一点都不能掌握好。
所以，我的建议是，老师要为一段阅读设定合理的，可操作的教学目标。有的时候，这些教学目标是课本本身要求的，有的时候，老师完全可以根据自己的教学进度和需要自行设定目标。
如果你希望学生通过这一段阅读，掌握其中的生词，比如，根据上下文猜测词义，那么，就把精力放在挑出生词，如何帮助学生掌握这种猜测词义的能力，设计什么样的活动来帮助学生实践这种能力，如何考核学生是否掌握了这些生词。
如果你只是希望学生了解文章的内容，那么，词汇就不那么重要了，不要花过多的精力在词汇上，而应该重点放在，如何帮助学生判断文章的中心句，通过什么样的提问方式来判断学生是否明白了文章的内容等等。
只有当老师的教学目标非常明确的时候，设计的练习和活动，才能够充分地围绕并辅助这个目标进行，那么，学生也不会觉得茫然，老师也不会教得手足无措了。
另外，课本中阅读的辅助练习，形式往往只有那几种，选择填空，判断对错等等，比较单调。因此，老师的另一项工作就是，怎么找一些有趣的游戏代替那些单调的练习，同时又起到练习相同的作用。
Three Little Pigs是孩子耳熟能详故事，在教授的过程中，就可以不必花大力气在词汇、语法上。这里提供的Story Strips是针对学生的逻辑能力设计的。
故事条，顾名思义，就是把故事裁成很多条，学生拿到打乱顺序的故事，将之排列成正确的顺序。
基本操作方法：
将逻辑性较强的故事或歌词分成若干块（建议5-10块），分别写在纸条上。
将学生分组，每组学生都得到一套完整的故事纸条（保证每个学生手中有一条故事）。
教师放轻松舒缓的音乐，让每组学生将故事或歌词排序。终止音乐。
Once upon a time there was a mother pig who had three little pigs. One day their mother said to them, "You are too big to live here any longer. You must go and build houses for yourselves. But take care that the wolf does not catch you."
The three little pigs set off. Soon they met a man who was carrying some straw. "Please will you give me some straw?" asked the first little pig. "I want to build a house for myself." "Yes," said the man and he gave the first little pig some straw.
Then the first little pig built himself a house of straw. He was very pleased with his house. He said, "Now the wolf won't catch me and eat me."
The second little pig and the third little pig went on along the road. Soon they met a man who was carrying some sticks. "Please will you give me some sticks?" asked the second little pig. "I want to build a house for myself." "Yes," said the man and he gave the second little pig some sticks.
Then the second little pig built himself a house of sticks. It was stronger than the house of straw.
The second little pig was very pleased with his house. He said, "Now the wolf won't catch me and eat me."
The third little pig walked on along the road by himself. Soon he met a man who was carrying some bricks. "Please will you give me some bricks?" asked the third little pig. "I want to build a house for myself." "Yes," said the man and he gave the third little pig some bricks.
Then the third little pig built himself a house of bricks. It took him a long time to build it, for it was a very strong house. The third little pig was very pleased with his house. He said, "Now the wolf won't catch me and eat me."
The next day the wolf came along the road. He came to the house of straw which the first little pig had built. The wolf knocked on the door and said, "Little pig, little pig, let me come in." "No, no," said the little pig. "By the hair of my chinny chin chin, I will not let you come in."
"Then I'll huff and I'll puff and I'll blow your house in," said the wolf. So he huffed and he puffed and he huffed and he puffed. The house of straw fell down and the wolf ate up the first little pig.
The next day the wolf walked further along the road. He came to the house of sticks which the second little pig had built. The wolf knocked on the door and said, "Little pig, little pig, let me come in." "No, no," said the little pig. "By the hair of my chinny chin chin, I will not let you come in."
"Then I'll huff and I'll puff and I'll blow your house in," said the wolf. So he huffed and he puffed and he huffed and he puffed. The house of sticks fell down and the wolf ate up the second little pig.
The next day the wolf walked further along the road. He came to the house of bricks which the third little pig had built. The wolf knocked on the door and said, "Little pig, little pig, let me come in." "No, no," said the little pig. "By the hair of my chinny chin chin, I will not let you come in."
"Then I'll huff and I'll puff and I'll blow your house in," said the wolf. So he huffed and he puffed and he huffed and he puffed. But the house of bricks did not fall down.
The wolf was very angry. He said, "Little pig, I am going to eat you up. I am going to climb down your chimney to get you."
The little pig put a big pot of water on the fire to boil. The wolf climbed on the roof. Then he began to come down the chimney. The little pig took off the lid from the pot. Into the pot fell the wolf, with a big splash. And that was the end of the wolf. |
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