Natural Approach in the Classroom
在这次给武汉外校的How to Teach Dialogues培训中，特别提到了自然教学法（Natural Approach）以及这种教学法在课堂教学中的应用。
讲义整理如下：
THE NATURAL APPROACH IN THE CLASSROOM
The Natural Approach is designed to develop basic communication skills. The basic development stages are:
(1) Comprehension (preproduction)
(2) Early Production
(3) Speech Emergence
This approach to teaching language has been proven to be particularly effective with limited English proficient students.
STAGE I COMPREHENSION
In order to maximize opportunities for comprehension experiences. Natural Approach instructors
(1) create activities designed to teach students to recognize the meaning in words used in meaningful contexts, and
(2) teach students to guess at the meaning of phrases without knowing all of the words and structures of the sentences.
a. ALWAYS USE VISUAL AIDS (pictures, realia, gestures).
b. MODIFY YOUR SPEECH to aid comprehension, speak more slowly, emphasize key words, simplify vocabulary and grammar, use related ideas, do not talk out of context.
c. DO NOT FORCE PRODUCTION. Students will use English when they are ready. They sometimes experience a "silent period" which can last days or weeks.
d. FOCUS ATTENTION ON KEY VOCABULARY.
Teacher Activities in the Comprehension Stage
a. Total Physical Response (TPR). The teacher gives commands to which the students react with their bodies as well as their brains.
b. Supplying meaningful input based on items in the classroom or brought to class. (Who has the ________ ? Who is wearing a ________ ?)
c. Supplying meaningful input based on pictures.
Student Responses in the Comprehension Stage
a. An action (TPR).
b. The name of a fellow student (from b., c. above).
c. Gestures
d. Students say yes/no in English.
e. Students point to an item or picture.
f. Children do not initially make many attempts to communicate using words, rather they indicate their comprehension nonverbally.
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